Letters & Alphabet; Vowels & Consonants

An alphabet is a set of letters usually presented in a fixed order which is used for writing the words of a particular language or group of languages.

The modern English alphabet is a Latin alphabet consisting of 26 letters, each having an upper- & lower-case form. It originated around the 7th century from Latin script. Since then, letters have been added or removed to give the current Modern English alphabet of 26 letters.

These 26 letters are written below:

Capital Letter/Upper-case Form === Small Letter/Lower-case Form:

A === a
B === b
C === c
D === d
E === e
F === f
G === g
H === h
I === i
J === j
K === k
L === l
M === m
N === n
O === o
P === p
Q === q
R === r
S === s
T === t
U === u
V === v
W === w
X === x
Y === y
Z === z

Among all these 26 letters, there are 5 vowels (স্বরবর্ণ). These are:
A === a
E === e
I === i
O === o
U === u

Without these 5 letters, all of the letters of the English Alphabet are Consonants (ব্যঞ্জনবর্ণ).

Special Vowels (W === w, Y === y):

It is said that the letter ‘Y’ is “sometimes” a vowel because this letter represents both vowel and consonant sounds.

In the words cry, sky, fly, my & why – the letter ‘Y’ represents the vowel sound /ai/.
In words like myth and synchronize, the letter ‘Y’ represents the vowel sound /i/.
In words like only, quickly, and folly, the letter ‘Y’ represents the vowel sound /i/.

It can also be a consonant sound called a glide as at the beginning of these words: yellow, yacht, yam, yesterday.

‘Y’ is a consonant about 2.5% of the time, and a vowel about 97.5% of the time.

N.B: The letter ‘W’ can sometimes be the second part of a vowel sound as in words like such as cow, bow, or how. In these words, the vowel has the sound of /au/.

The letter ‘W’ can be used as a consonant sound at the beginning of the words when, where, wet.